Wireless Carplay is demanding on the battery of your phone. Many processes are running in the background to keep all the info on your car display updated even if you're not using a maps app or streaming music. On shorter (30 minutes or less), not plugging your phone should not have as much of a drop. But, with a 1hr and 45min and not plugging it in, IMO your results are expected. You can check the health of your iPhone battery to see how depleted it is. Settings>Battery>Battery Health & Charging>Maximum Capacity. For reference, my 3-4 year old iPhone 11 is sitting at 84% maximum capacity and needs to be charged every day with normal use.